Miscellanous Tutorial

DRESS syndrome

 

 DRESS syndrome is associated with a morbiliform skin rash.

 

Micronutrient deficiency

 

Angular cheilitis

Scaling and erythema of the oral commissures, associated with a number of nutritional deficiencies.

 

Acrodermatitis

Scaly erythematous rash around the anogenital area, usually associated with zinc deficiency.

 

Glossitis

Red beefy tongue.

 

Scurvy

  • Bruising
  • Corkscrew hair 

 

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy

 

Poorly understood cause of pain in a region of the body, usually starting in a limb after trauma, but the pain is disproportionate to the severity of the original injury

Characterized by pain, swelling, and characteristic changes to the skin, such as reddening with a waxy or shiny appearance.

 

Dermatitis

 

Dermatitis and eczema are terms that denote an inflammatory reaction involving the epidermis and dermis, and are used interchangeably. There are many forms of dermatitis.

  • Atopic dermatitis–The result of a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Usually manifests as dry, itchy skin. Poorly defined erythematous patches, papules, and plaques, sometimes with scale.
  • Allergic contact dermatitis–Caused by an antigen that triggers a type IV (cell-mediated) hypersensitivity reaction.It usually manifests as erythema and edema with superimposed papules or vesicles that are sharply demarcated, corresponding to the areas of exposure.
  • Irritant contact dermatitis–Caused by a chemical irritant, usually occurring minutes or up to 24 hours after exposure. It usually manifests as erythema and/or vesiculation that are sharply demarcated, corresponding to the areas of exposure.
  • Stasis dermatitis-Chronic venous insufficiency occurs when dysfunction of the venous system of the lower extremitiesleads to venous hypertension. This process most commonly develops as a result of venous valvular incompetence related to previous clinical or occult DVTs. Clinical sequelae include pain, edema, and skin changes such as telangiectasias, varicosities, hemosiderosis-related hyperpigmentation, lipodermatosclerosis (a fibrotic process involving the dermis and subcutaneous fat), and ulcerations (typically near the medial malleoli).